Perceptions of tenth-grade mathematics teachers and school administrators toward Florida's school accountability system: The A+ Plan

The purpose of this qualitative study was to learn how high school mathematics teachers and school administrators perceived Florida's school accountability system, the A+ Plan. This inquiry was conducted during the spring of 2001, in one of the largest urban school districts in Florida, with a sample of 27 participants, 21 teachers and 6 administrators, pre-selected from a high, an average, and a low performing high school. Data was gathered in the form of tape-recorded interviews, hand written field notes, and document analysis. This study found that the school performance grade, teaching assignment course level, and race or ethnicity were not a source of variability in participants' perceptions. The A+ Plan was unanimously viewed as a bureaucratic reform initiative that used a power coercive approach to obtain compliance. Participants believed that the A+ Plan's fundamental belief that "every child can learn and that no child should be left behind" was unrealistic, and did not share the plan's central assumption that students' performance on the Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test is the direct result of their performance as teachers. They believed that students' natural abilities and personal motivations to learn surpass any other variable in determining the students' level of achievement. The FCAT was judged as an ineffective and unfair tool for teachers' accountability purpose because it did not provide information about students' academic growth in a year, and also, because it compared schools that differed in their students' demographics. The participants believed that they should not be held accountable, punished or rewarded for their students' performance on the FCAT because their students' scores on the mathematics section of the test was the outcome of their previous mathematics experience and English language proficiency. They believed that the school grade was merely a reflection of the school population, and that publicizing grades made the hiring and retention of qualified teachers more difficult and damaged their professional reputation and esteem in the community at large. The participants held that the A+ Plan was creating an environment where teachers perceived their work as more stressful and less rewarding because of what they view as unfair and unrealistic standards.