Note
The small poecilostomatoid copepod Oncaea conifera Giesbrecht bears a large number of epidermal luminous glands, distributed primarily over the dorsal cephalosome and urosome. Bioluminescence is produced in the form of short (80 to 200 ms duration) flashes from within each gland and there is no visible secretory component. Nevertheless each gland opens to the exterior by a simple valved pore. Intact copepods can produce several hundred flashes before the luminescent system is exhausted.