The present study evaluates the effectiveness of three
instructional methods, labeled Examples, Graph, and Discovery,
for improving students' estimates of mixture problems.
The problems involved mixing various quantities of
acid and water solutions. The student's task was to estimate
the percentage of acid in the resultant mixture.
Although none of the three methods caused a significant
change in estimation accuracy, the results were in the predicted
direction, suggesting that the methods may become
more effective with improvements. The results also revealed
a significant difference between males' and females'
overall performances. Further analysis suggested that this
difference may reflect differential understanding of the
underlying concepts on which the problems were based.
Suggestions for improving the present instructional methods
are made, as well as alternative approaches for improving
students' estimates.