This research was concerned with the perception of inter-element
distance and angle relations for pairs of dots arranged vertically,
horizontally, oblique-left, and oblique-right. For each trial, a pair
of dots was presented in different global locations, for five
consecutive frames. The subject's task was to detect a change in the
relative location of the dots, which could occur during one of the
five frames. Each subject participated in three different conditions.
One condition emphasized the detection of changes in distance between
the elements; the second emphasized the detection of changes in the
angle formed by the elements. The third condition did not focus
attention on either distance or angle changes. Results indicated that
focussing attention on either distance or angle changes affected
sensitivity to distance changes for rectilinear, but not for oblique
arrangements. These results suggested that the vertical and horizontal
components of Inter-element distance are perceptually fundamental, and
that the Euclidean distance between two elements and the angle formed by
the elements are internally computed from the perceptually fundamental
distance components.