Computer literacy

The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for satisfaction of adult learners enrolled in a Web-based distance education course and intent to participate in other Web-based distance education courses. Implicit in this purpose was an examination of the relationships between and among the personal and experiential variables which are potential predictors. Personal variables examined include: age, gender, computer self-efficacy, academic self-concept, and academic status (e.g., undergraduate, graduate, and continuing education student). Experiential variables examined include: years of computer use, frequency of computer use per week, computer training, Internet experience in a class, and participation in a workshop for a Web-based distance education course. The subjects (n = 235) of this study were adult learners who were currently taking a Web-based distance education course from five universities. The instrument used in this study consisted of four sections: Background Information, Attitude Toward Computers (Computer Self-Efficacy Scale), Reaction to Web-based Distance Education Courses, and Academic Self-Concept Scale. Predictive models for satisfaction (p < .001) and future participation (p = .003) of adult learners in Web-based distance education were developed based on the results of multiple regression analyses. Further analyses were performed to investigate relationships between and among predictor variables and criterion variables. Computer self-efficacy was the only predictor variable which was statistically significant in both predictive models. This study also demonstrated a positive relationship between adult learners' satisfaction with their Web-based distance education courses and their intent to participate in additional Web-based distance education courses.

It was estimated that 35 million people age 65 or older lived in the United States in 2000. Of that number 2.8 million were Black/African American. The U.S. Census Bureau's (2000) population projections show that there will be 70 million older adults age 65 or older by 2030 and African Americans are expected to comprise over 12% of that population. In 1993 older adults had made less elective use of computers than younger adults, accounting for 24.2% of those age 55 to 64 and 4.9% of adults over age 65. By 2003 adults over age 65 recorded a 20.1% increase in computer usage becoming the fastest growing segment of computer users who are engaging in learning computer skills as a way of coping with the technological changes. Studies have found that greater experience with computers is associated with more positive attitudes; however, it has never been determined whether this is true of the older African American population since there is a paucity of research documenting their computer attitudes. This study utilized a mixed methods research design that included an experimental design and an inductive approach with interviews. The following findings emerged: (a) attitudes differed for older African Americans who received computer training and those who did not; (b) there was no distinction in computer attitudes between older adult male and older adult females in the African American population; (c) there was no interaction effect on computer attitudes as moderated by training and gender; (d) older African Americans exhibited a positive disposition towards computers which elicited positive attitudes towards the technology; (e) older African Americans had a nascent need for computer self-efficacy; and (f) older African Americans constructed new meaning regarding computers as a result of their reflection on their computer interaction experience.