Social psychology.

Just as people can be described by traits, situations can be described by the
“Situational Eight” DIAMONDS (Duty, Intellect, Adversity, Mating, pOsitivity,
Negativity, Deception, Sociality) (Rauthmann et al., 2014). Based upon the common
occurrence of situations in combinations unique to different occupations the current study
sets out to (1) map the DIAMONDS dimensions into the workplace and (2) examine the
relationships between the DIAMONDS dimensions and other measures of work contexts
(Skill, Abilities, Knowledge, etc.). Through the use of a modified version of the S8*
(Rauthmann & Sherman, 2014), the DIAMONDS dimensions were correlated with
scored responses of either individuals in the profession, or professional experts, on
important worker characteristics and occupational requirements for 954 individually
identified occupations (n = 954) compiled by O*NET (National Center for O*NET
Development, 2016).

To elucidate temporal sequences among and between person and situation
variables, this work examines cross-measurement spill-overs between situation
experiences S (on the Situational Eight DIAMONDS characteristics) and personality
states P (on the Big Six HEXACO) in experience sampling data in two studies. Multilevel
modeling of lagged data at tn-1 and non-lagged data at tn grants the opportunity to
examine (a) the stability (P --> P, S --> S), (b) cross-sectional associations (S <--> P), and
(c) cross-lagged associations among and between situation experiences and personality
states (S --> P, P --> S).

Loneliness – the feeling that manifests when one perceives one’s social needs are
not being met by the quantity or especially the quality of one’s social relationships – is a
common but typically short-lived and fairly harmless experience. However, recent
research continues to uncover a variety of alarming health effects associated with longterm
loneliness. The present study examines the psychological mechanisms underlying
how persons scoring high in trait loneliness perceive their social environments.
Evaluations of transient facial expression morphs are analyzed in R using dynamical
systems methods. We hypothesize that, consistent with Cacioppo and Hawkley’s sociocognitive
model, subjects scoring high in loneliness will exhibit hypervigilance in their
evaluations of cold and neutral emotions and hypovigilance in their evaluations of warm
emotions. Results partially support the socio-cognitive model but point to a relationship
between loneliness and a global dampening in evaluations of emotions.
Keywords: loneliness, perceived social isolation, social dynamics, emotion recognition.

Social media posts are used to examine what people experience in their everyday
lives. A new method is developed for assessing the situational characteristics of social
media posts based on the words used in these posts. To accomplish this, machine learning
models are built that accurately approximate the judgments of human raters. This new
method of situational assessment is applied on two of the most popular social media sites:
Twitter and Facebook. Millions of Tweets and Facebook statuses are analyzed. Temporal
patterns of situational experiences are found. Geographic and gender differences in
experience are examined. Relationships between personality and situation experience
were also assessed. Implications of these finding and future applications of this new
method of situational assessment are discussed.