In 2006, there were over 39 million people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) worldwide, and 2.9 million HIV-related deaths. Currently, a cocktail of drugs administered via injection (HAART) has some efficacy in treating HIV, but does not eradicate HIV from infected individuals and has long-term side effects. In addition, drug-resistant variants of HIV are emerging. In an effort to help develop orally administered anti-HIV drugs, we examined membrane permeability of four scaffold peptides (synthesized by a researcher at Scripps Florida) into T-cells. One peptide (KE1-72A) entered cells with 100% efficiency; a second (KE1-72B) showed minimal cell penetration. Two other peptides (KE1-72C and KE1-72D), when chemically conjugated to an HIV fusion inhibitor, also showed minimal cell penetration. Further research is needed to determine whether the peptide KE1-72A may potentially be useful in orally delivered anti-HIV drugs.

Rotational Impoundment Management (RIM) is a commonly used method of mosquito control in Florida involving seasonal flooding during mosquito breeding season and allowances for natural tidal variations during summer flooding. My study looks at the effects of this impoundment strategy on the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle L., recruitment. Primary productivity of mangroves in these impoundments has been found to be similar to that of natural areas, although nutrient levels have been found to differ greatly. R. mangle is a completely viviparous species, and as such, maternal conditions have a strong effect on propagules. My study compares the initial establishment and growth of R. mangle propagules collected from and planted in both impounded and non-impounded sites.

Terror management theory focuses on defenses used to buffer the anxiety caused by the awareness of death. This study attempted to induce an effect opposite to anxiety interpersonal connectedness-using a video clip. This feeling of connectedness was anticipated to decrease the need for the defenses described by terror management theory, and more specifically to lower the need for cultural worldview defense. Participants were assigned to one of two video conditions: the control video condition (K-Web) or the experimental video condition (42-Up). After the video clip was shown, participants judged a list of social transgressions and rated the amount of punishment they felt the transgressor deserved. Individuals with high levels of self-esteem and positive affect were found to be more punitive than their counterparts, but the amount of punishment doled out to the transgressors was lower in the experimental video groups than in the control video groups.

In this thesis, I argue that all bodies are material-semiotic entities, produced by both natural and cultural processes. Western anti-FGM discourse is predicated upon the belief that the body must be kept in its "natural" or "pristine" state, and that any practice which violates the body's natural "perfection" is mutilation. Implied by this discourse is the false notion that Western bodies are given and left unaltered. By drawing comparisons between Western genital practices and non-Western genital practices, I undermine the ideology that erases the working of culture on Western bodies while highlighting the "mutilating" powers exercised on the bodies of Others. Current imperialist hegemony perpetuates the view of African women as passive victims of barbaric tradition in need of rescuing by Western liberated women. We must, instead, work toward theories that account for differences in experience and history, rather than those which posit universal understandings of patriarchy and domination.

Coral reefs harbor ~1-9 million species, including 30% of all marine fish species. Reef health worldwide is declining due to many factors: e.g. pollution, sedimentation, dynamite fishing, and global warming. Working with the Planetary Coral Reef Foundation and the crew aboard the R/V Heraclitus, I examined coral health and fish diversity in the Solomon Islands, Melanesia. In 2006, I surveyed coral and fish on Sagharughombe reef, Solomon Islands using SCUBA and compared the results with surveys done in 2000 and 2002. Coral surveys indicated a significant decline in health over the six-year period. Fish surveys found no clear trend in species abundances and species richness, but a significant decline in species diversity over the years. The decline in coral health we observed may have contributed to diminished fish diversity. To protect marine biodiversity, coral reefs must be better protected and declines in coral health must be halted.

Fermat's assertion that "every prime number which surpasses by one a multiple of three [sic] is composed of a square and the triple of another square" raises further questions about primes and other quadratic forms. The interest over primes does not stop at x² + 3y², although this form by itself is a complex way of analyzing simple primes. We present an algorithm for solving p= x² + 3y², first discovered by Lagrange, and show that this algorithm does not work for other representations of numbers by quadratic forms.

Dynactin is a multi-subunit protein complex that is the required cofactor for the cytoplasmic motor protein, dynein. Dynactin is critical for cytoplasmic activities such as vesicle transport, cytoskeletal organization, membrane organization and mitotic progression as it serves to increase processivity of dynein. The main subunit in focus for this study is the sidearm extension p150Glued. On the exposed end (N-terminus) lie two different microtubule binding motifs: CAP-Gly and Basic. CAP-Gly has a high binding affinity for microtubules, while Basic binds the microtubules quite weakly. It is at this location that dynactin is proposed to assist in the processivity of transporting cargo long distances in the cell, by providing additional support for the dynein molecule as it progresses along the microtubule. Analysis of the effects of overexpression of these motifs, alone or in tandem, suggested that there was no disruption of the dynein/dynactin interaction, but its ability to act in a processive manner had been perturbed. Effects on non-dynamic processes, such as Golgi localization and microtubule organization were generally weak, but effects were greater on y-tubulin organization. While this could suggest a defect in centrosome organization, we propose that it instead shows that cargo motility in the affected cells is defective, and that transport of centrosomal proteins to the centrosome is interrupted, suggesting a broader cargo-transport defect may be evident in these cells.

Gold is a highly prized metal whose ore deposits are continually being mined and depleted. With the increasing scarcity of continental gold ores, gold miners and scientist are turning to the sea as one alternate source of this precious metal. But the problem arises in determining which parts of the ocean to mine. Ideally the area with the greatest concentration of gold would be the best place to start but determining an accurate concentration of gold in a sample of seawater is difficult for various reasons. The main reason being gold's extremely low concentration in seawater, averaging at about13 [sic] parts per trillion. This study deals with detecting trace amounts of gold in seawater. The first step in the analysis involves pre-concentrating gold in seawater using an ion exchange resin, Chelexª -100, and optimizing the experimental conditions. Then the chromatographic fractions are analyzed using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer. The results from several trials are presented in this study.

Florida's pine flatwoods are pyrogenic ecosystems that require frequent fires to regenerate the herbaceous layer and suppress crowding vegetation. Human development has hindered these natural fires and consequently affected the herpetofauna (amphibian and reptile) species. Anthropogenic encroachment, in addition to fire suppression, has also provided ideal habitats for invasive species within native environments. Exotic species are often found in developed areas around buildings and roads, and it is likely this pattern continues into the park. This eight-month coverboard survey focuses on the effects various fires may have on herpetofauna in the area and explores the level of intrusion exotic species exhibit within the communities. Minimal differences among herpetofauna composition between transects were found. However, a convincing percentage of exotic species were found only within the first ten meters of the transects while all native species were at least 25 meters into a transect.

The effects of the recently introduced species, the curlytail lizard, on the Florida ecosystems are relatively unknown. Previous research conducted in the Bahamas showed that brown anole lizards, once introduced to curlytail lizards, became arboreal to evade the threat of the curlytail lizards. To attempt to see if such a niche shift in the brown anole population is occurring in Florida, data were collected using two areas located on the Harriet L. Wilkes Honors College of FAU. One area was inhabited by only brown anoles whereas the other area was inhabited by brown anoles and curlytail lizards, the latter which newly invaded this site in 2006. Observations were made by walking through the selected area, and counting and recording all lizards that were visible. Data were collected at specific times during the day, four times a day. After comparing the two locations, it was found that the brown anoles have become arboreal when sharing an environment with curlytail lizards.