Banter, John C.

The purpose of this study was to determine for several
inorganic salt solutions concentration limits between which
Beer' s Law is valid and to calculate the molar extinction
coefficient at selected wavelengths for the absorbing
species. The molar extinction coefficient will then serve
as a basis for routine analysis of solutions which contain
the selected species without the need for preparation of
standard Beer's Law curves. Equations relating concentration and measured absorbance
at selected wavelengths for solutions of KMnO4, Pb (NO3)2, NiCl2, NiSO4, Ni (NO3)2, CoCl2, Co (NO3)2, and K2Cr2O7 are given.

The thicknesses of anodically formed oxides on titanium
were determined using optical methods including both transmission
and reflectance techniques. A dispersion curve and phase
change vs. wavelength plot for the anodically formed oxides were
determined for the thickness measurements. Ionic inclusions
in the oxide from the anodizing electrolyte were studied using
I. R . spectroscopy and x-ray fluorescence. Phosphate, sulfate,
bisulfate, and molybdate were detected in the oxides. Anodizing
over a phosphate dope oxide layer resulted in a duplex oxide with
the phosphate layer remaining adjacent to the metal. This indicated
titaniwn ions are the mobile species during the anodizing process.

This was prepared as a study of the effect the supplementary
use of portions of a science course titled "Tested Overhead
Projection Series" would have on an introductory physical
science program. Four classes were used with similar ability
and composition. Two classes were control and two were
experimental. Comparison of results indicated some supplementary
presentations may have improved learning, but when all
presentations of the supplementary program are considered
the results suggest this supplementary approach had little
or no effect.