Zarnowski, David.

Human history is replete with accounts of xenophobia and warfare. Two general suppositions are that such behaviors did not develop without precedence and that they predate the establishment of statal cultures. Using data derived from the Human Relations Area Files, fifty pre-statal populations are examined for xenophobic behaviors such as frequent hostilities with out-groups, warfare, and slavery utilization, using specific environmental and cultural criteria. These criteria are assigned discrete numerical values which are programmed into Statistical Program for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The use of statistical analyses can determine if there is a correlation between environmental and cultural variables, and whether these variables in marginal climatic conditions exert enough pressure to affect interpopulation relationships that would result in the formation of xenophobic reactions such as hostility or warfare.